The development trend of fertilizer

The development of China's chemical fertilizer industry has not only made great progress, but also faces some structural problems. The development trend of the chemical fertilizer industry in the future is as follows.
1. The growth trend of the total amount of chemical fertilizers is slowing down
In order to meet the needs of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and industry, the total amount of chemical fertilizers will still increase, but the growth momentum will slow down. Especially the nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer industry, it is estimated that during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, it will be flat or slightly increased, with an average annual growth rate of 1% to 2%; the potash fertilizer industry will grow rapidly in terms of domestic output due to the completion and operation of large-scale plants in Xinjiang. But until new potassium resources are discovered, growth potential is limited.
2. Industry concentration will be further improved
With the increase of merger and integration cases and the intensification of industry competition in the mature period, more large-scale comprehensive enterprises will grow up, and there will be more and more enterprises with production capacity exceeding 10 million tons. These enterprises will represent the overall level and strength of China's fertilizer industry, supporting most of the industry. Therefore, the industry concentration will be higher and higher.
3. The industry will pay more and more attention to technological progress and the improvement of the level of major technical equipment
In the nitrogen fertilizer industry, focus on the research and development and promotion of new coal gasification technologies such as low-quality coal and high-sulfur coal pressurized gasification, and advanced purification and synthesis technologies such as high-efficiency and large-scale desulfurization and decarbonization, shift, gas refining, ammonia synthesis and new catalysts, energy Cascade utilization technology; develop and promote large-scale synthetic ammonia (annual output of 450,000 tons and above) and urea (annual output of 800,000 tons and above) localization technology and equipment.
The phosphate fertilizer industry focuses on the promotion of acid production technology from medium and low-grade phosphate rock, beneficiation technology and reagents for medium and low-grade phosphate rock and collophosphate rock, comprehensive utilization technology of associated resources of phosphate rock, wet-process phosphoric acid refining technology, fluorine recovery and production of high value-added fluorine products Technology, pyrite iron resource recycling technology, comprehensive utilization technology of phosphogypsum for acid production and building materials production, and sulfuric acid low-temperature waste heat utilization technology.
The potash fertilizer industry focuses on the research, development and promotion of the comprehensive utilization technology of associated resources of potash mine (salt lake), the technology of direct extraction of potassium sulfate from salt lake brine, and the utilization technology of insoluble potassium resources.
Phosphate mines focus on the development and promotion of open-pit and underground mining technologies for gently sloping medium-thick phosphate ore bodies, underground mining technologies for phosphate mines in Yunnan, steep-cut mining technologies for open-pit mines, advanced excavation and blasting equipment, weathering ore delineation methods, and scrubbing technology and equipment. And the comprehensive utilization technology of co- and associated polymetallic pyrite and coal-measure pyrite.
4. Continue to adjust and improve product structure
The adjustment of the chemical fertilizer product structure should be based on the improvement of the production system of basic fertilizer varieties to develop new types of fertilizers that meet the needs of agriculture and other economic crops. According to the requirements of soil testing and formula fertilization, special fertilizer varieties mainly in the form of compound fertilizers should be developed; from the perspective of improving fertilizer efficiency, the development of slow and controlled release fertilizers, synergistic urea, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, commercial organic fertilizers, Foliar fertilizers and water-soluble fertilizer products realize scientific fertilization. In addition, medium and trace element fertilizers should be developed according to the needs of crops.
5. Resource protection and comprehensive utilization will receive more and more attention
With the implementation of China's economic structure adjustment and economic development mode transformation strategy, the protection and efficient comprehensive utilization of natural resources will be highly valued. The fertilizer industry is a resource processing industry, which consumes a large amount of energy and resources and requires a large variety of resources. The protection and efficient utilization of resources are particularly important.
The rational planning and scientific development of the resources required for fertilizer production, such as coal, natural gas, phosphate rock, pyrite, sulfur, and salt fields, are the prerequisites for resource protection and utilization. In the future, it will be the future development trend of the fertilizer industry to gradually allocate key advantageous resources to key enterprises, so as to effectively protect resources and develop and utilize resources in an orderly, rational and scientific manner.
The utilization of low-quality coal raw materials in the nitrogen fertilizer industry will be the focus of the adjustment of raw material structure. In the future, new projects will use low-quality coal as much as possible. In addition, the comprehensive utilization of hydrogen, sulfide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, blow air, purge gas, gasification slag, waste water, waste heat, and waste catalyst in nitrogen fertilizer production is the focus of efficient utilization of resources in the nitrogen fertilizer industry, and it is also a reflection of the development level of the industry. .
In the phosphate fertilizer and sulfuric acid industries, the scientific utilization of medium and low-grade phosphate rock, especially the low-grade phosphate rock, the development and utilization of associated fluorine, silicon, magnesium, and rare earth metals in phosphate rock resources, the scientific use of high-quality wet-process phosphoric acid, and the synthesis of phosphogypsum Utilization, rational utilization of iron resources in pyrite and roasting slag, utilization of pickling dilute sulfuric acid, etc. will be the key points of comprehensive utilization of resources in phosphate fertilizer industry.
The potash fertilizer industry mainly focuses on the comprehensive utilization of old brine resources in salt fields, such as the extraction and processing of sodium, magnesium, lithium, boron, bromine, iodine, rubidium, cesium and other resources, which will be the direction of utilization of important resources other than potash fertilizer production.
6. The combination of fertilizer and chemical will be further deepened
While stably developing fertilizer products, chemical fertilizer production enterprises use raw materials, intermediate products and fertilizer products in the production process to carry out in-depth processing, produce high value-added fine chemical products, extend the industrial chain, and realize the combination of fertilizer and chemical is the enterprise to improve economic benefits. important way. Nitrogenous fertilizer enterprises convert carbon monoxide, hydrogen and other products into carbon-one chemical industry to produce fine organic chemical products such as methanol and acetic acid, realize the combination of chemical fertilizer, coal chemical industry and fine organic chemical industry, and maximize economic benefits.
Phosphate fertilizer enterprises can use the important intermediate product phosphoric acid for deep processing to produce fine phosphorus chemical products, realize the combination of phosphate fertilizer and phosphorus chemical industry, and improve economic benefits. The by-product fluorine products in the production process of phosphate fertilizers can be processed into anhydrous hydrogen fluoride products, and then produce fluorine chemical products, such as fluorine rubber, fluorine materials, fluorine refrigerants and other fluorine fine chemical products. products, and save and protect the precious fluorite resources. Potash fertilizer production enterprises can convert basic potassium chloride products into potash chemical industry, produce fine potash chemical varieties, and realize the combination of potash fertilizer and potash chemical industry.
7. Environmental protection is more stringent
The chemical fertilizer industry has the potential to pollute the environment both in the production process and in the application process. With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standards, building an environment-friendly society is an important goal of human beings. Therefore, more and more attention will be paid to environmental protection, thus putting forward higher requirements for the production and application of chemical fertilizers.
The environmental protection of the chemical fertilizer industry should be combined with the development of circular economy. The main tasks are as follows: First, in terms of resource development and utilization, make overall planning for the development of phosphate rock resources, sulfur resources and potassium mineral resources, realize scientific development and comprehensive utilization, and improve low- and medium-grade grades. The level of development and utilization of associated resources of phosphate rock, pyrite and potash; secondly, in the production of chemical fertilizers, advanced technologies and equipment were used to carry out energy-saving and consumption-reducing technological transformations to achieve waste reduction and improve resource utilization efficiency; thirdly, comprehensive In terms of utilization, the emissions from the fertilizer production process, such as blowing air, flushing air, coal slag, slag, coal powder, phosphogypsum, fluoride, etc., are reused to realize waste recycling; fourth, in terms of fertilizer application, vigorously advocate scientific Fertilization, establish a multi-variety, small-batch, specialized secondary processing system of chemical fertilizers, cooperate with agricultural departments to promote soil testing and fertilization, formula fertilization, improve fertilizer utilization, reduce resource waste and the impact of chemical fertilizers on the environment.
8. The cancellation of preferential policies will be the general trend
China's fertilizer industry is a mature industry, and a situation of comprehensive competition has been formed. According to the needs of the economic development situation, the macro-control of China's fertilizer industry should gradually change from focusing on partial preferential policies and administrative control to accelerating the construction of effective fertilizer production capacity, improving supply capacity, cultivating competitiveness, and improving fertilizer reserve system and marketing. The system and the strengthening of market regulation and control measures are given priority to, and the transition to the full marketization of chemical fertilizers will be gradually carried out. The preferential policies enjoyed by the fertilizer industry for many years should be gradually cancelled with the acceleration of the marketization process to form a pattern of comprehensive competition to ensure the healthy and benign development of the industry.